What are Vertebral Compression Fractures?

Vertebral compression fractures occur when one or more bones in the spine (vertebrae) collapse or break due to weakening or trauma. These fractures most commonly affect the thoracic (mid-back) and lumbar (lower back) regions of the spine, causing the vertebra to lose height and potentially take on a wedge-like shape.

Key Features and Causes

Vertebral compression fractures can result from various factors:

• Osteoporosis: The most common cause, especially in older adults
• Trauma: Such as falls or car accidents
• Certain cancers: Which can weaken the bones

Risk factors include advanced age, low bone density, long-term steroid use, and smoking.

Symptoms and Impact

Common symptoms of vertebral compression fractures include:

• Sudden, severe back pain
• Pain that worsens when standing or walking
• Reduced mobility and flexibility in the spine
• Loss of height over time
• Curved posture or a hunched back (kyphosis)

These fractures can significantly impact daily life, making it difficult to perform routine activities, affecting sleep quality, and potentially leading to social isolation. In some cases, multiple fractures can lead to breathing difficulties due to reduced lung capacity.

If you experience sudden, severe back pain or notice a change in your posture, it’s important to consult with a spine specialist. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage pain, prevent further fractures, and improve overall quality of life.